cx_Oracle安装说明

• 简介

cx_Oracle是用python连接oracle的驱动模块，参考文章：
cx_Oracle文档
木匣子

1. 下载安装包
   cx_Oracle-5.1.2-10g-py26-1.x86_64.rpm
   oracle-instantclient12.1-basic-12.1.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
   oracle-instantclient12.1-devel-12.1.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
   官网下载地址：
   http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html
   http://cx-oracle.sourceforge.net/

2. 安装
   安装命令：
   rpm -Uvh cx_Oracle-5.1.2-10g-py26-1.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -Uvh oracle-instantclient12.1-basic-12.1.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -Uvh oracle-instantclient12.1-devel-12.1.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

3. 配置环境变量
   vi /etc/profile在/etc/profile文件追加如下信息：
   export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64
   export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
   export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
   执行：
   source /etc/profile

4. 验证安装是否成功

   验证方法：在目标服务器上执行:
   python，import cx_Oracle
   

如果验证失败，参考5异常处理

5. 异常处理
   如果出现下面的错误：

[root@client oracle]# python
import cx_Oracle
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
ImportError: libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
这是由于驱动文件名称不对引起的
在服务器上执行命令：
find / -name libclntsh.so.*
[root@client oracle]# find / -name libclntsh.so.*
/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1
可见是文件名称不对，执行如下命令：
cp /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1 /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1
重新执行第四步，验证安装是否成功

• cx_Oracle增删改查

import cx_Oracle

• 连接
  dsn=cx_Oracle.makedsn(host, int(port), dbname)
  self.conn = cx_Oracle.connect(user, passwd ,dsn)
  self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
• 插
  def insert(self, sql, param, flag = True):
  sql = self.sqltran(sql, param)
  self.cursor.execute(sql)
  self.conn.commit()
• 查
  def selectall(self, sql, param=None):
  sql = self.sqltran(sql, param)
  self.cursor.execute(sql)
  result = self.cursor.fetchall()
  return result
• 更新
  def update(self, sql, param=None, flag = True):
  sql = self.sqltran(sql, param)
  self.cursor.execute(sql)
  self.conn.commit()
• 删
  def delete(self, sql, param=None):
  sql = self.sqltran(sql, param)
  self.cursor.execute(sql)
  self.conn.commit()
• 关闭连接
  def del( self ):
  if self.conn :
  self.conn.close()
• sql转换
  def sqltran(self,sql,param):
  for i in range(0,len(param)):
  sql = sql.replace('%s',str(param[i]),1)
  return sql
• 测试方法
  if name == 'main':
  param = ('id','name','addr',1)
  sql1= 'select id ,name, addr from test'
  sql0= 'select %s,%s,%s from test'
  sql2= 'insert into test (%s,%s,%s)values(4,4,4)'
  sql3= 'update test set name=222 where id=%s'
  sql4= 'delete from test where id=%s'
  print oracle.selectall(sql0,param)
  print oracle.insert(sql2, param)
  print oracle.selectOne(sql0,param)
  print oracle.update(sql3,('3'))
  print oracle.delete(sql4,('4'))
  print oracle.selectall(sql0,param)
  print 'success'