Pathlib 模块

pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths — Python 3.10.0 documentation

和 os 对比

os and os.path	pathlib
os.path.abspath	Path.resolve
os.chmod	Path.chmod
os.mkdir	Path.mkdir
os.rename	Path.rename
os.replace	Path.replace
os.rmdir	Path.rmdir
os.remove, os.unlink	Path.unlink
os.getcwd	Path.cwd
os.path.exists	Path.exists
os.path.expanduser	Path.expanduser and Path.home
os.path.isdir	Path.is_dir
os.path.isfile	Path.is_file
os.path.islink	Path.is_symlink
os.stat	Path.stat, Path.owner, Path.group
os.path.isabs	PurePath.is_absolute
os.path.join	PurePath.joinpath
os.path.basename	PurePath.name
os.path.dirname	PurePath.parent
os.path.samefile	Path.samefile
os.path.splitext	PurePath.suffix
os.path.expanduser('~')	Path.home

CheatSheet

CheatSheet

Demo

from pathlib import Path

def print_path() -> None:
    '''目录相关'''
    print(f'当前目录:{Path.cwd()}')
    print(f'当前用户home目录:{Path.home()}')
    print(f'当前文件目录(相对路径):{Path(__file__)}')
    print(f'当前文件目录(绝对路径):{Path(__file__).resolve()}')
    print(f'目录拼接(/): {Path.cwd() / "log" / "debug.log"}')
    print(f'目录拼接(joinpath):{Path.cwd().joinpath("log","debug.log")}')

def print_iter() -> None:
    '''目录遍历'''
    cwd = Path.cwd()
    print(f'遍历当前目录: {[path for path in cwd.iterdir()]}')
    print(f'当前目录下文件后缀：{[f.suffix for f in cwd.iterdir() if f.is_file()]}')  # is_path()
    print(f'当前目录下搜索指定后缀文件(.py): {list(cwd.glob("*.py"))}')

def print_file() -> None:
    '''文件相关'''
    file = Path(__file__)
    print(f'size: {file.stat().st_size}')
    print(f'atime: { file.stat().st_atime}')
    print(f'ctime: {file.stat().st_ctime}')
    print(f'mtime: {file.stat().st_mtime}')
    print(f'文件名: {file.name}')
    print(f'文件名(不含后缀):{file.stem}')
    print(f'后缀:{file.suffix}')
    print(f'父级目录:{file.parent}')
    print(f'文件是否存在: {file.exists} ')


def main() -> None:
    print_path()
    print_file()
    print_iter()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()