GCD - dispatch_group 的理解及使用

介绍一下主要的函数

1、dispatch_group_async

//将block加入到queue中，并和group相关联
void dispatch_group_async(dispatch_group_t group,
                          dispatch_queue_t queue,
                          dispatch_block_t block); 

如果提交到dispatch_queue_t queue中与group关联的任务全都执行完毕会调用dispatch_group_notify并且dispatch_group_wait会停止等待；

2、dispatch_group_enter & dispatch_group_leave

//将代码块加入到group中，与dispatch_group_async功能类似
//开始一个任务
void dispatch_group_enter(dispatch_group_t group);

//结束的任务
void dispatch_group_leave(dispatch_group_t group);

当调用enter时计数加1，调用leave时计数减1，当计数为0时会调用dispatch_group_notify并且dispatch_group_wait会停止等待；

注意点: dispatch_group_enter 和 dispatch_group_leave 必须成对出现

3、dispatch_group_wait

//阻塞当前线程(不能放在主线程)等待group任务的完成，可以设置超时时间
long dispatch_group_wait(dispatch_group_t group, 
                          dispatch_time_t timeout);

4 、dispatch_group_notify

/*   dispatch_group_notify会把block加入到queue中， 
  *  当dispatch_group_t中的任务执行完成时执行
  *  或者在dispatch_group_enter和dispatch_group_leave存在的情况下，计数为0的时候执行
*/
void dispatch_group_notify(dispatch_group_t group,
                            dispatch_queue_t queue,
                            dispatch_block_t block);

示例1 dispatch_group的简单使用:

    dispatch_queue_t queue_t = dispatch_queue_create("gcd_demo_queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    dispatch_group_t group_t = dispatch_group_create();
    
    dispatch_group_async(group_t, queue_t, ^{
        sleep(2);
        NSLog(@"任务1完成");
    });
    
    dispatch_group_async(group_t, queue_t, ^{
        sleep(3);
        NSLog(@"任务2完成");
        
    });
    
    dispatch_group_async(group_t, queue_t, ^{
        NSLog(@"任务3完成");
    });
    
    //任务完成方式一
    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
        dispatch_group_wait(group_t, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
        NSLog(@"任务完成通知 Wait");
    });
    
    //任务完成方式二
    dispatch_group_notify(group_t, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
        NSLog(@"任务完成通知 Notify");
    });

输出结果

2018-01-04 14:10:15.884470+0800 GCD_Demo[2869:439062] 任务3完成
2018-01-04 14:10:17.886704+0800 GCD_Demo[2869:439063] 任务1完成
2018-01-04 14:10:18.887726+0800 GCD_Demo[2869:439061] 任务2完成
2018-01-04 14:10:18.887978+0800 GCD_Demo[2869:439060] 任务完成通知 Wait
2018-01-04 14:10:18.887988+0800 GCD_Demo[2869:439018] 任务完成通知 Notify

需要注意的是dispatch_group_wait会阻塞当前线程，所以不能放到主线程

示例2 dispatch_group 多个queue的使用:

        dispatch_queue_t queue_t = dispatch_queue_create("gcd_demo_queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    dispatch_queue_t queue_global_t = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    dispatch_group_t group_t = dispatch_group_create();
    
    dispatch_group_async(group_t, queue_t, ^{
        sleep(2);
        NSLog(@"任务1完成");
    });
    
    dispatch_group_async(group_t, queue_t, ^{
        sleep(3);
        NSLog(@"任务2完成");
    });

    //任务3 在系统的线程中执行
    dispatch_group_async(group_t, queue_global_t, ^{
        sleep(5);
        NSLog(@"任务3完成");
    });
    
    dispatch_group_notify(group_t, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^(){
        NSLog(@"notify：任务都完成了");
    });

输出结果

2018-01-04 14:24:47.559384+0800 GCD_Demo[2998:488861] 任务1完成
2018-01-04 14:24:48.557911+0800 GCD_Demo[2998:488863] 任务2完成
2018-01-04 14:24:50.556268+0800 GCD_Demo[2998:488864] 任务3完成
2018-01-04 14:24:50.556476+0800 GCD_Demo[2998:488756] 任务完成通知

示例3 dispatch_group - dispatch_group_enter & dispatch_group_leave的使用:

dispatch_queue_t queue_t = dispatch_queue_create("gcd_demo_queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    dispatch_group_t group_t = dispatch_group_create();
    
    dispatch_group_enter(group_t);
    dispatch_async(queue_t, ^{
        sleep(5);
        NSLog(@"网络任务1完成");
        dispatch_group_leave(group_t);
    });
    
    dispatch_group_enter(group_t);
    dispatch_async(queue_t, ^{
        sleep(3);
        NSLog(@"网络任务2完成");
        dispatch_group_leave(group_t);
    });
    
    dispatch_group_enter(group_t);
    dispatch_async(queue_t, ^{
        sleep(4);
        NSLog(@"网络任务3完成");
        dispatch_group_leave(group_t);
    });
    
    dispatch_group_notify(group_t, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
        NSLog(@"任务完成通知");
    });

输出结果

2018-01-04 14:33:10.374991+0800 GCD_Demo[3110:527082] 网络任务2完成
2018-01-04 14:33:11.374908+0800 GCD_Demo[3110:527095] 网络任务3完成
2018-01-04 14:33:12.375411+0800 GCD_Demo[3110:526266] 网络任务1完成
2018-01-04 14:33:12.375620+0800 GCD_Demo[3110:526111] 任务完成通知