正文
Is it possible to exercise too much?
运动健身真的存在“过度”一说吗？
You've probably been told countless times that exercise is good for your health and fitness, and it's tempting to assume that more is automatically better. But there comes a point of diminishing returns, and it's possible to overdo it.
你八成已经被念过无数次：运动有益于保持健康，增强体魄；于是，我们很容易认为：身体锻炼，必然是多多益善。然而，万事皆有“过犹不及”的拐点，运动健身也确有过“度”的说法。
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The first thing to ask yourself if you're wondering whether you've exercised too much is: "Why are you exercising?" Once you get past five hours of vigorous exercise per week or so, you're not exercising for health, you're exercising for performance. And it's possible to stress your body beyond what it can bounce back from, said Kristen Dieffenbach, an exercise scientist.
当你开始怀疑自己是否运动过量时，不妨首先自问：“你是为了什么而锻炼？”当你每周剧烈运动的时间已超过 5 小时左右，那么你已经不是为身体健康在锻炼了，而是冲着运动机能去了。而且，运动科学家克里斯汀·迪芬巴赫还指出，这样的训练时长可能会给身体带来“无法承受之重”。
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You work out, and your body responds by getting fitter, stronger and faster. These improvements don't happen during the workout itself, but occur during the recovery period.
你这头锻炼，你的身体素质那头便会有所回应：它会变得更健康、更强壮、更敏捷。然而诸如此类的效果，并不是在运动过程中发生的，而是在健身后的恢复阶段所产生的。
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As long as your body is able to keep up with this repair work, your workouts will continue to aid your performance. But when the stress from your workouts builds up beyond your capacity to recover, you have entered the zone of too much, known in the sporting community as overtraining.
只要你的身体状态能够与运动后的恢复进程保持协调同步，那么你的“健身大计”就能源源不断地为你的运动表现助力。但是当锻炼造成的负担日益积聚，超出身体恢复能力之外时，你便已然踏入了运动过量的范畴；这在体育界有个专门的说法，称之为：“训练过度”。
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What makes things tricky is that the line between training hard and overtraining is fuzzy. The most reliable signs come from your subjective feelings of well-being. Other classic signs of overtraining include trouble sleeping, feeling run down and not being able to shake minor colds and other respiratory infections.
不过棘手的是，努力训练和过度训练之间的界限，尚不明确。目前最为可靠的判断依据，还得要看自身对于健康状态的主观感受。另外还有一些事关训练过度的典型状况，包括：失眠、精神不振，并且难以抵御和摆脱小感小冒以及其他各类呼吸道感染的疾病。
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If you find that you're having to force yourself to do workouts you used to enjoy, or are feeling guilty about not exercising enough, those are other signs that you've overdone it.
再者，如果你发觉，自己以前乐在其中的运动项目，如今非得逼着自己才会去完成，或者当你发现自己会因为运动不足而产生负罪感时，那么这些其实也都意味着，你已经运动过度了。
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主编：Bao、Lucky
品控：Bao、XP、啾笛
审核：Lucky
重点词汇
tempting
/ˈtemp.tɪŋ/
adj. 使人禁不住想尝试的；诱人的，吸引人的
近义词：attractive
例句：That cake looks very tempting.
搭配短语：a tempting job offer
automatically
/ˌɑː.t̬əˈmæt̬.ɪ.kəl.i/
adv. 不假思索地，无意识地；自动地，必然地
相关词汇：automatic（adj. 自动的）
搭配短语：automatic doors
例句：Join now and you will automatically receive 50% off your first purchase.
diminishing returns
边际效益递减
相关词汇：diminish（v. 减少，降低）
近义词：decrease
例句：The pain will gradually diminish.
相关词汇：return（n. 回报）
文化补充：该法则是社会经济领域中的重要概念，它表示：如果不断添加某种投入品（且若其他投入品保持不变），这样所导致的产品增量，在超过某一点后，将会下降。该法则也经常延伸应用于生活中的各种场景，意指：并非一味地增加投入，便能够增加收益。
vigorous
/ˈvɪɡ.ɚ.əs/
adj. 充满活力的，精力充沛的；强有力的；积极的
近义词：energetic
搭配短语：a vigorous debate
搭配短语：vigorous opposition
搭配短语：vigorous efforts
bounce back
恢复健康，恢复活力；重振旗鼓；恢复原状
相关词汇：bounce（v. 弹跳）
搭配短语：bounce up and down on the sofa
搭配短语：bounce back from illness
work out
运动，锻炼身体
词义拓展：work out（发展顺利）
例句：Everything works out quite well.
近义词：exercise
相关词汇：workout（n. 健身，锻炼）
搭配短语：prefer a 20-minute workout every morning
build up
加剧；积聚；事情发展；规模扩大；增进（情感）
搭配短语：to build up a fine art collection
搭配短语：to build up trust
搭配短语：to build up your strength
tricky
/ˈtrɪk.i/
adj. 难对付的，棘手的；诡计多端的，爱耍花招的
相关词汇：trick（n. 诡计，花招）
例句：Parking can be tricky in the town centre.
fuzzy
/ˈfʌz.i/
adj. 模糊的，不明确的；毛茸茸的
相关词汇：fuzz（n. 绒毛，细毛）
例句：The hair would go all fuzzy.
近义词：unclear
例句：The photos are fuzzy.
搭配短语：fuzzy ideas / thoughts
subjective
/səbˈdʒek.tɪv/
adj. 主观的
相关词汇：subject（n. 主题；主语）
搭配短语：make a subjective judgement
run down
身体不适，精疲力竭（地区或行业等）破败，衰败
例句：The industry has been running down for years.
shake (off) colds
感冒痊愈
相关词汇：shake（v. 去除，摆脱）
近义词：get rid of
搭配短语：can't shake the feeling
搭配短语：can't shake off this cold
相关词组：minor colds
相关词汇：minor（adj. 小的；不那么严重/重要的）
反义词：major
respiratory
/rɪˈspɪr.ə.tər.i/, /ˈres.pə.rə.tɔːr.i/
adj. 呼吸的；与呼吸有关的
相关词汇：respiration（n. 呼吸）
文化补充：respirationem（拉丁语写法）
同义词：breathing
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