From the Cognitive Revolution to the Scientific Revolution, electricity, which exists as a form of important usable energy, was only an inconspicuous rock located at the bottom of the mountain of human history, until the 19th century. Groups of elite theoretical scientists and experimental scientists carved this unexplored rock into modern surrealistic sculpture, which pushed humans into the second industrial revolution immediately. Since then, the economic and industrial development was pushed from the country road into the highway. From commercial to military, electricity is almost omnipotent. Therefore the demand for electricity is limitless, and therefore we need a cheap but also environmentally friendly, high efficiency and powerful energy source, our only option in the future - Nuclear fusion energy.
When a neutron collides with a Uranium-235 ( Thorium-232 and Plutonium-239 are also in use, but much less) atom, it forces them to split into two smaller atoms:
(Thorium 232) + (Neutron 1) —β⟶ (Protactinium 233) —β⟶(Uranium 233) —+(Neutron 1) - (Neutron 1) ✕ 2 ⟶ (Uraniun 232)
(Thorium 232) + (Neutron 1) —β⟶ (Protactinium 233)—+(Neutron 1) - (Neutron 1) ✕ 2⟶ (Uranium 233) —β⟶ (Uraniun 232)
(Thorium 232) + (Neutron 1) —+(Neutron 1) - (Neutron 1) ✕ 2⟶ (Protactinium 233) —β⟶(Uranium 233) —β⟶ (Uraniun 232)
(Uranium 235) + (Neutron 1) → (Krypton 36) + (Barium 56) +(Neutron 1) ✕ 3
(Plutonium 239) + (Neutron 1) → (Xenon 134) + (Zicronium 103) + (Neutron1) ✕ 3
If these reactions happen in the precise condition (heat/pressure) with the critical mass, a process called nuclear chain reaction would be activated. The neutrons which were released from the first reaction would have a possibility of hitting another unreacted Uranium 235, activating the second stage of the reaction. The fuel will keep reacting until the fuel is no longer appropriate for reaction (heat/pressure/fuel condition). All these processes which split atoms apart to get energy are called Nuclear Fission. By splitting atoms apart we could produce a tremendous amount of heat, and we can transfer them into internal energy of water in order to generate electricity.
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