特点：Linear /No going back/不同的Phase Gate
- Idea - Traditional projects start with an Idea by the owner or team
- Business cases - Business Cases are performed for each concept; often a qualitative and quantitative process
- Bid & Proposal - Project scopes of work are written and competed amongst teams
- External vendors will submit bids and proposals to win work against a Request for Proposals
- Internal teams will submit budgets and proposals to win allocated funding from a PMO or Portfolio function
- Waterfall Development - each stage is executed sequentially, with limited iteration or "going backward" in stages
- Requirements - the process of defining high, medium, and low-level needs of the end users and stakeholders
- Design - the process of architecting the solution to meet those requirements within the project contraints
- Implementation - the building of the product to specification
- Verification - the testing and product to ensure it meets specifications and the requirements' intent
- Maintenance - the design of and support of deploying and maintaining the product in operations
- Operations - the use of the product to produce benefits to the organization
- Disposal - the retirement of the project according to regulations and sustainability practices
Standard Stage Gates:
| Gates | Comments |
|---|---|
| Idea Readiness Review (IRR) | precedes Business Cases |
| Concept Readiness Review (CRR) | precedes Bid & Proposal Stages |
| Planning Readiness Review (PRR) | precedes Requirements phase |
| Requirements Readiness Review (RRR) | precedes Design phase, exits Requirements phase |
| Design Readiness Review (DRR) | precedes Implementation phase, exits Design phase |
| Implementation Readiness Review (IRR) | precedes Verification phase, exits Implementation phase |
| Operational Readiness Review (ORR) | precedes Maintenance (O&M) phase, exits Verification phase |
| Operations and Maintenance Review (OMR) | Precedes Disposal phase, exits Operations (O&M) |
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