定时器在javascript中的作用
1、制作动画
2、异步操作
3、函数缓冲与节流
定时器：
setTimeout 只执行一次的定时器
clearTimeout 关闭只执行一次的定时器
setInterval 反复执行的定时器
clearInterval 关闭反复执行的定时器
var time1 = setTimeout(myalert,2000);
var time2 = setInterval(myalert,2000);
/*
clearTimeout(time1);
clearInterval(time2);
*/
function myalert(){
alert('ok!');
}
定时器弹窗
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>定时器弹框</title>
<style type="text/css">
.pop{
width: 400px;
height: 300px;
background-color: #fff;
border: 1px solid #000;
/*固定定位*/
position: fixed;
/*左上角位于页面中心*/
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
/*让div向左偏移半个宽度、向上偏移半个高度，使div位于页面中心*/
margin-left: -200px;
margin-top: -150px;
/*弹窗在最上面*/
z-index: 9999;
}
/*遮罩样式*/
.mask{
position: fixed;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background-color: #000;
left: 0;
top: 0;
/*设置透明度30%*/
opacity: 0.3;
filter: alpha(opacity=30);/*兼容IE6、7、8*/
/*遮罩在弹窗的下面，在网页所有内容的上面*/
z-index: 9990;
}
.pop_con{
display: none;/*默认不显示，用定时器显示*/
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*
setTimeout 只执行一次的定时器
clearTimeout 关闭只执行一次的定时器
setInterval 反复执行的定时器
clearInterval 关闭反复执行的定时器
*/
window.onload = function(){
var oPop = document.getElementById('pop');
var oShut = document.getElementById('shutOff');
/*setTimeout(showPop, 3000);//开启定时器，3秒后调用函数showPop()弹框
function showPop(){
oPop.style.display = 'block';//显示弹框和遮罩
}*/
//开启定时器的简写方式：调用匿名函数
setTimeout(function(){
oPop.style.display = 'block';
}, 3000);
oShut.onclick = function(){
oPop.style.display = 'none';//关闭弹框和遮罩
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页标题</h1>
<p>页面内容</p>
<a href="http://www.baidu.com">百度网</a>
<div class="pop_con" id="pop">
<div class="pop">
<h3>提示信息！</h3>
<a href="#" id="shutOff">关闭</a>
</div>
<div class="mask"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
定时器动画
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>定时器动画</title>
<style type="text/css">
.box{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: gold;
position: fixed;
left: 20px;
top: 20px;
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var oBox = document.getElementById('box');
var left = 20;
//反复循环定时器，每30毫秒修改一次盒子的left值
var timer = setInterval(function(){
left += 2;
oBox.style.left = left + 'px';
//当left值大于700时停止动画（清除定时器）
if(left > 700){
clearInterval(timer);
}
},30);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box" id="box"></div>
</body>
</html>
定时器制作时钟
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');
function timego(){
var now = new Date();
var year = now.getFullYear();
var month = now.getMonth()+1;
var date = now.getDate();
var week = now.getDay();
var hour = now.getHours();
var minute = now.getMinutes();
var second = now.getSeconds();
var str = '当前时间是：'+ year + '年'+month+'月'+date+'日 '+toweek(week)+' '+todou(hour)+':'+todou(minute)+':'+todou(second);
oDiv.innerHTML = str;
}
timego();
setInterval(timego,1000);
}
function toweek(n){
if(n==0)
{
return '星期日';
}
else if(n==1)
{
return '星期一';
}
else if(n==2)
{
return '星期二';
}
else if(n==3)
{
return '星期三';
}
else if(n==4)
{
return '星期四';
}
else if(n==5)
{
return '星期五';
}
else
{
return '星期六';
}
}
function todou(n){
if(n<10)
{
return '0'+n;
}
else
{
return n;
}
}
</script>
......
<div id="div1"></div>
定时器制作倒计时
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');
function timeleft(){
var now = new Date();
var future = new Date(2016,8,12,24,0,0);
var lefts = parseInt((future-now)/1000);
var day = parseInt(lefts/86400);
var hour = parseInt(lefts%86400/3600);
var min = parseInt(lefts%86400%3600/60);
var sec = lefts%60;
str = '距离2016年9月12日晚24点还剩下'+day+'天'+hour+'时'+min+'分'+sec+'秒';
oDiv.innerHTML = str;
}
timeleft();
setInterval(timeleft,1000);
}
</script>
......
<div id="div1"></div>
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