Linux/CentOS 7环境MySQL安装步骤（RPM和YU

RPM方式安装

1. 卸载MariaDB库

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mariadb-libs -y

2. 安装Perl模块

[root@localhost ~]# yum install perl-Module-Install -y

3. 下载MySQL的安装包
   下载链接为
   http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-common-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
   http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
   http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
   http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
   可以在Windows系统下载好再导入CentOS
4. rpm命令安装MySQL客户端和服务器
   按以下顺序安装

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.6.44-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

5. 启动和设置开机启动MySQL Server

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld

6. 查询MySQL Server的状态，正常是active (running)状态

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld

7. 连接MySQL，提示输入密码时直接回车

[root@localhost ~]# mysql –u root -p

8. 设置MySQL的root用户密码，并允许远程主机登录

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit

9. 修改MySQL服务器的字符集
   客户端登录MySQL后输入

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

如果character_set_server不是utf8需要修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

在[mysqld]段后任意一行插入下面这行后保存退出，注意三个单词之间是-不是下划线

character-set-server=utf8

然后重启mysql服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysql

10. 把tcp 3306端口加入到防火墙例外规则

[root@localhost mysql]# firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --zone=public --permanent
[root@localhost mysql]# firewall-cmd –reload

YUM方式安装

上述步骤2，3，4替换为下面两步

1. rpm命令安装MySQL的repo源

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

2. yum命令安装

[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-community-server -y