今天我们一起来学习-tain这个词根,它本身有抓握的意思,类似英文中的hold。有很多经常使用的英文单词都以这个词根为基础,下面小编就来介绍几个供大家参考。
我们主要介绍的词有:maintain,contain,attain,和 retain。
1.maintain=前缀main+tain
含义:保持,维持;供养
It has always been her deepest desire to maintain her youthful appearance.
她一直深深地渴望维持自己年轻的容颜。(maintain: 维持)
The allowance (补贴金) can only cover the basic costs for maintaining a child.
补贴金只能够覆盖养活一个孩子的基本费用。(maintain:供养)
解释:前缀main表示hand(手),所以maintain的字面含义就是to hold in your hand,即抓在你的手里,很小心保护的样子,也就由此引申出了保持,供养的含义。
- contain=前缀con+tain
含义:包含,容纳
Some mushrooms contain deadly poisons.
有些蘑菇是有毒的。
解释:前缀con表示全部,所以contain就可以在字面上理解为握住全部,这样是不是就很容易记住它包含,包括的内涵了呢?
- attain=前缀at+tain
含义:努力获得,达到
Here is your opportunity to attain your goal. Snatch it.
这是你达到自己目标的机会。抓住它!
You shouldn't try to attain your goals by unjust (不公正的) means.
你不该使用不公正的手段来达到目标。
解释:正如介词at表示在某个地点一样,词缀at表示在近处。那么attain即字面上指在距离较近的地方抓紧某物,因为这样的东西值得自己努力获得或达到。
所以呢,诸如goals, aims, dreams, others' respect 等等,都是值得你去用力attain哒 _。
- retain=前缀re+tain
含义:保留;保存,存储
A lot of information can be retained in your laptop.
你的电脑里可以保存很多信息。
If you store your rice in a warm place, it can retain its heat for a while.
如果你把米饭放在温暖的地方,它就可以维持一阵子它的热量。
解释:昨天我们在解释reclaim(夺回)时介绍了前缀re的意思,大家还记得吗?
没错,re指的是back(回,返回),也可以理解为再次,所以retain的字面含义就是再次握住,引出它保留,保存的含义。
语言小tip:昨天和今天学到的一些单词都可以和control(掌控)搭配,比如:
retain control of…(保留对…的掌控),
maintain control of(维持对…的掌控),
reclaim control of (夺回对…的掌控)。
好啦,以上就是讲解的内容,下面大家做做练习来maintain大家对知识的理解吧!
小练习
After being on a diet (节食) for two months, she finally ______ her ideal (理想的) weight.
A. contained
B. attained
C. retained
In order to lose weight, she tried to avoid(避免) food that ____ a lot of fat (脂肪).
A. maintains
B. contains
C. attains
They barely made enough money to ____ the four children in their family.
A. retain
B. maintain
C. attain
考试真题
在近几年全国和各地高考、CET4、CET6中,含有词根“-tain”的词语多次出现,下面有几个例子:
Saturated fats (饱和脂肪)are fats principally found in meat and dairy products, although some nuts and vegetable oil also contain them. (CET6, 2017)
Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. (上海高考,2011)
Teachers have constantly updated their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence. (江苏高考,2011)
网友评论