Zookeeper上手

作者: Wannay | 来源:发表于2021-02-03 02:06 被阅读0次

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目前微服务SpringCloud使用的注册中心有Eureka、Zookeeper、Consul等，本文来上手一波Zookeeper！

1.Zookeeper的安装

这里采用的是在Aliyun云服务器ECS、Ubuntu上安装。

1.0 说明：这里必须提前安装JDK，可以参照网上的教程。

1.1 使用wget下载Zookeeper（如果你从其他地方下载Zookeeper，换个链接即可）

wget https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.6.2/apache-zookeeper-3.6.2-bin.tar.gz --no-check-certificate

1.2 使用tar命令解压缩

sudo tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.2-bin.tar.gz

1.3 进入配置文件夹，并拷贝配置文件

# 进入配置文件夹
cd apache-zookeeper-3.6.2-bin/conf/
# 拷贝配置文件（必须拷贝为zoo.cfg才能启动，Zookeeper的more配置文件为这个）
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg

1.4 添加环境变量

#编辑配置文件
vim ~/.profile  
#在配置文件最后添加环境变量，下面/root/apache-zookeeper-3.6.2-bin/bin改为自己的Zookeeper的bin目录
export PATH=/root/apache-zookeeper-3.6.2-bin/bin:$PATH
#使配置文件生效
source ~/.profile

1.5 在安全组中开放2181端口，并保证8080端口没有被占用！！！！！

1.6 使用`zkServer.sh start`命令启动Zookeeper服务

下面附加一些常见的命令：

//zookeeper 常用服务命令
//可以不在bin目录下运行，因为我们已经配置了环境变量，可以全局访问
zkServer.sh start 启动
zkServer.sh status 查看状态
zkServer.sh stop 停止/关闭

1.7 使用`zkCli.sh`命令进入Zookeeper的客户端

2.既然使用了SpringCloud，我们就要使用SpringCloud去在Zookeeper中注册服务

我这里使用的是2021-02-01当前最新的SpringBoot（2.4.2）和SpringCloud最新版，注意这里的jar包要对照官网来引入，SpringBoot和SpringCloud版本有对应关系。

2.1 编写Provider（服务提供者）模块

引入maven依赖（pom.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.wanna</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

</project>

注意：这个Zookeeper的jar包可能和你的Zookeeper服务器的版本不同！因此，需要排除自带的zookeeper依赖，自己去引入对应版本的依赖（一定要对应）
排除依赖：

<exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>

引入3.6.2依赖：

       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.2</version>
        </dependency>

编写application.yaml
我们改变了tomcat的端口号为8001，这个项目的应用名为cloud-provider-payment8001，并且指定了xx.xx.xx.xx:2181为我们Zookeeper服务器的IP和端口

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-payment8001
  cloud:
    zookeeper:
      connect-string: xx.xx.xx.xx:2181

编写主启动类：

package com.wanna.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SpringcloudApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudApplication.class, args);
    }

}

需要注意的是，我们需要加上@EnableDiscoveryClient注解表示我们这是一个服务发现的客户端！
编写Controller

package com.wanna.springcloud.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class PaymentController {
    @RequestMapping("/payment")
    public String payment(){
        return "payment8001";
    }
}

就是我们一个正常的controller而已~

2.2 编写Consumer（消费者）模块

引入maven依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.wanna</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

</project>

这里，和Provider类似！
编写application.yaml，这里也和Provider类似

server:
  port: 80
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-order80
  cloud:
    zookeeper:
      connect-string: xx.xx.xx.xx:2181

编写主启动类，也和Provider类似

package com.wanna.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SpringcloudApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudApplication.class, args);
    }

}

编写Controller，INVOKE_URL就是我们要调用的服务的Http链接，调用的是"/payment"路径下的服务，但是它接收的是"/consumer/payment"的请求（80服务），也就是说我们想在浏览器通过http://localhost/consumer/payment就请求到Provider中的Controller中的数据，实现微服务的调用！

package com.wanna.springcloud.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
public class OrderController {
    public static final String INVOKE_URL = "http://cloud-provider-payment8001";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/payment")
    public String paymentInfo() {
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL + "/payment",String.class);
        return result;

    }
}

这里用到了RestTemplate，我们就应该生产一个这样一个bean，编写配置类：

package com.wanna.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate GetTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

3. 测试Provider和Consumer在服务器上是否被注册？

先启动Provider，在Ubuntu上使用zkCli.sh命令进入客户端，使用ls /services查看已经注册的服务！

- ls /services 
- [cloud-provider-payment8001]

- ls /services/cloud-provider-payment8001
- [dea4bf08-f0aa-4a85-a85b-69719fdeb3d7]

//获取Zookeeper的Znode结点
- ls /services/cloud-provider-payment8001/dea4bf08-f0aa-4a85-a85b-69719fdeb3d7
- []

//获取到我们注册的相关信息
- get /services/cloud-provider-payment8001/dea4bf08-f0aa-4a85-a85b-69719fdeb3d7
- {"name":"cloud-provider-payment8001","id":"dea4bf08-f0aa-4a85-a85b-69719fdeb3d7","address":"192.168.191.110","port":8001,"sslPort":null,"payload":{"@class":"org.springframework.cloud.zookeeper.discovery.ZookeeperInstance","id":"cloud-provider-payment8001","name":"cloud-provider-payment8001","metadata":{"instance_status":"UP"}},"registrationTimeUTC":1612201061275,"serviceType":"DYNAMIC","uriSpec":{"parts":[{"value":"scheme","variable":true},{"value":"://","variable":false},{"value":"address","variable":true},{"value":":","variable":false},{"value":"port","variable":true}]}}

注册服务成功！
尝试启动Consumer

- ls /services
- [cloud-consumer-order80, cloud-provider-payment8001]

注册成功！
那么服务消费者Consumer能否调用Provider呢？调用成功！我们发现，我们启动的是80端口的服务，但是调用了8001端口的服务！

image.png

折腾成功！！最重要的就是maven的jar包的情况，我们一定要注意jar包有没有冲突，有没有报错，一旦报错，可能项目就启动不起来，服务也不能在Zookeeper中注册成功！最主要注意的是Boot和Cloud的版本对应（得看官网，这个不能乱搞，乱搞就是作死）！

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