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友邻哲学旅人 E06 心如止水才是最高智慧(下)

友邻哲学旅人 E06 心如止水才是最高智慧(下)

作者: worldlyf | 来源:发表于2020-08-21 18:03 被阅读0次

E06 心如止水才是最高智慧(下)

To astronomical evolution and dissolution add the origin and elimination of species.
所以对于这种天文上的进化或者退化,最后加上来起源和种族退化灭绝。

Lucretius虽然只是个诗人,不能完全算个哲学家,但是他对宇宙的此消彼长,世间万物的轮回还是有一个非常深刻的体悟的。

Many monsters too the earth of old tried to produce, things of strange face and limbs; ...some without feet, some without hands, some without mouth, some without eyes ...Every other monster ... of this kind earth would produce, but in vain;
地球在远古时期试图培育很多怪物,长出来的脸和四肢都非常奇怪......有些没脚、有些没手、有些没嘴、有些没眼睛......诸如此类的各种怪物......地球都会培植,但均以失败告终;

拉丁语也是一个节奏语言,很讲究一句话当中有多少音节。

for nature set a ban on their increase, they could not reach the coveted flower of age, nor find food, nor be united in marriage; ...and many races of living things must then have died out and been unable to beget and continue their breed.
因为自然在它们增长当中作了一个限制,它们不能达到看花的年纪,它们得不到食物、也没办法进行交配;许多生物在那样的情况下消沉下去了,因此无法繁殖延持他们的血脉而走向灭绝。
For in the case of all things which you see breathing the breath of life, either craft or courage or speed has from the beginning of its existence protected and preserved each particular race ...
所以在所有的事物当中,你可以看到各种各样的情况,
你发现了他们在呼吸着生命的呼吸,不管是它的精巧性或勇气或速度,从它一开始存在的一刹那就开始保护和保存着它,让这个种群完成下去......

这个世间万物总有一个造物主帮它设计好的,存在即是合理。是斯多葛学派的宿命伦,存在即合理,不合理的就不让它活下来了。

Those to whom nature has granted none of these qualities would lie exposed as a prey and booty to others, until nature brought their kind to extinction.
如果给它的精巧性,聪明或速度等品质,那么这些物种将暴露在光天化日之下,作为别人的猎物,作为别人的战利品,知道自然让这个种群灭亡。
Nations, too, like individuals, slowly grow and surely die: "some nations wax, others wane, and in a brief space the races of living things are changed, and like runners hand over the lamp of fire."
国家如个体一般,成长是非常缓慢的,但是最终的灭亡确实确定的:“有些国家在增长,有些国家在衰落,在一个极短的空间当中,活着的这种种群在发生着变化,就像这些跑者传递着生命的火炬。“

some nations wax, others wane(经典搭配)此消彼长

Nations, too, like individuals, slowly grow and surely die.(好句)

莎士比亚物理学概念“商”,能量永远是从高阶向低阶转换的,是有序向无序转换的,非常强大的宿命论,所以一个国家是慢慢成长,但是它的毁灭也是终结的,天下无不散之宴席,所有一切都是有定论的。

In the face of warfare and inevitable death, there is no wisdom but in ataraxia,—"to look on all things with a mind at peace."
在战争和不能避免的死亡面前,是没有必要谈论智慧的,有的只是涅盘寂静(心态平和)--“平心静气地看待一切事物。”

和佛家思想如此之相似:一般人世间的智慧只能叫智慧,真正的大智慧一定是涅盘寂静。

Here, clearly, the old pagan joy of life is gone, and an almost exotic spirit touches a broken lyre.
这里,非常明显,这种异教徒当中对于生命的快感追求已经烟消云散,一个特别新颖的异域精神已经触碰到了坏的六玄琴上。
History, which is nothing if not humorous, was never so facetious as when she gave to this abstemious and epic pessimist the name of Epicurean.
历史倘若没有幽默色彩便会一无所是,但将伊壁鸠鲁信徒的桂冠戴到一个崇尚克制、书写史诗的悲观主义者头上,这真是最大的玩笑。

讲的就是前面的一位诗人。

And if this is the spirit of the follower of Epicurus, imagine the exhilarating optimism of explicit Stoics like Aurelius or Epictetus.
如果这种精神都能被称作伊壁鸠鲁的跟随者的话,那我们可以想象奥勒留与爱比克泰德这样鲜明的斯多葛派信徒身上那催人振奋的乐观主义精神吧。
Nothing in all literature is so depressing as the "Dissertations" of the slave,unless it be the "Meditations" of the emperor.
在所有文学作品中,除了皇帝奥勒留的《沉思录》,没有任何东西会如此之压抑,和奴隶爱比克泰德的《论说》相比。
"Seek not to have things happen as you choose them, but rather choose that they should happen as they do; and you shall live prosperously."
“如果你选择了这些事情就不要去追寻它为什么要发生,你要选择的事情是它必然会发生的事情。所以你自然而然会非常丰盈的活着。”(要顺天道)
No doubt one can in this manner dedicate the future, and play royal highness to the universe.
毫无疑问,一个人通过这样的方式,他可以将未来奉献给无限的宇宙,让它来做决定。
Story has it that Epictetus' master, who treated him with consistent cruelty, one day took to twisting Epictetus'leg to pass the time away.
有野史这么说过,爱比克泰德一直受到主人的虐待,有一天,主人为消闲时光不停地拧他的腿。
"If you go on," said Epictetus calmly, "you will break my leg." The master went on, and the leg was broken. "Did I not tell you," Epictetus observed mildly, "that you would break my leg?"
“如果您继续拧,”爱比克泰德非常冷静地说道,“我的腿会断了。”主人没停下来,结果腿被拧断了。而爱比克泰德非常温和地说道:“我不是说了吗?这样会拧断我的腿的。”

完全的宿命论。

Yet there is a certain mystic nobility in this philosophy, as in the quiet courage of some Dostoievskian pacifist.
但是这种哲学里有种神秘的贵族性,甚至在这里面还有非常宁静的Dostoievskian的平息主义者中的勇气。

Dostoievskian陀思妥耶夫斯基两部著作:

《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》、《罪与罚》

他特别擅长作病态描写。

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