为什么英语中日历这个词叫calendar?这个词是怎么来的？
其实我们知道现行的日历基本都是罗马历。罗马人把每月第一天称为Kalendae, 或者calends. 所以英语里的calendar其实源头在这里。最初的罗马历新年伊始的日子是3月1日，但Julius Caesar(凯撒）在公元前45年把新年第一天更改为1月1日。
Why do we call the calendar a calendar? The Romans called the first day of each month Kalendae or calends. This is where we get the word for our modern-day calendar. Originally, the Roman calendar started the new year in the month of March. But Julius Caesar introduced his calendar started in 45 B.C.E.,and the leader of Rome made the first day of January the start of the year.
The Days of the Week
一周七天的名字分别是怎么来的呢？是什么意思呢？
Sunday means "Day of the Sun." This day was named in honor of Apollo, the sun god.
周日意指“太阳之日”，是为了纪念太阳神阿波罗。
Monday means "Day of the moon." This day was named in honor of Diana, the goddess of the moon.
周一Monday指“月亮之日”，是为了纪念月亮女神戴安娜。
Tuesday was called Dies Martis, or "Day of Mars," in ancient Rome. The word Tuesday, as we now call it, comes from the Old English for "Tiw's Day." Tiw was the god of war in Norse mythology as Mars was the god of war in Roman mythology.
周二Tuesday是“战神之日”，罗马神话里的战神Mars在北欧神话里被称为Tiw. 而古英语采用了Tiw。不过三月March依然用了Mars作词根，也是为了纪念战神。火星Mars也是以战神命名。
Wednesday was called Dies Mercuri, or "Day of Mercury," in ancient Rome. In Old English, the day was called "Woden's Day." The Roman god Mercury was similar to the European god Woden.
周三Wednesday在古罗马语里是Mercury之日，是为了纪念神Mercury，这个神相当于希腊神话里的Hermes, 是天界与人界的信使，水星Mercury即以此神命名。这个神在欧洲神话体系里叫做Woden，是盎格鲁-撒克逊至高之神。古英语Wednesday指“Woden之日”。
Thursday is named after the Roman god Jupiter, the god of sky and thunder. Thursday called Iovis Dies, or "Jupiter's Day," in ancient Roman. The Roman god Jupiter was similar to the Norse god Thor. "Thor's Day" became known as Thursday.
周四Tursday之名来自罗马神话里的朱庇特Jupiter, 这个神即希腊神话里的宙斯，在北欧神话里就是雷神Thor, 就是《复仇者联盟》里的Thor. 因此周四是“雷神之日”。
Friday was called Dies Veneris, or "Day of Venus," in ancient Rome. The word Friday, as we call it, comes from the Old English, "Freya's Day." Freya was the Norse equivalent to the Roman goddess Venus.
周五在古罗马语中是“维纳斯Venus之日”，而罗马神话里的Venus在北欧神话里叫Freya, Friday来自古英语，指"Freya之日”。
Saturday means "Saturn's Day." This day was named in honor of Saturn.
周六是神Saturn之日，这个神在罗马神话里是掌管农业与植物之神，土星Saturn就是以此神命名。
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