JSP

作者: 大批 | 来源:发表于2017-01-07 13:59 被阅读5次

java基础-day43-JSP
jsp学习 EL JSTL C标签
JSP基础学习笔记(3)--JavaBean
用session对象实现用户登录
JavaWeb之JSP
jsp语法
jsp
JSP入门
jsp的内置标签
Java面试问题

jsp组成

html + java + jsp标签
jsp中无须创建即可使用的对象(9个)
java脚本格式
- <%...%> java代码片段
- <%=...%> java表达式
- <%!...%> 声明

简单的例子

一个数据提交的表单

<form action="./NumberServlet" method="POST">
    <input type="text" name="num1"/>
    <br/>
    <input type="text" name="num2">
    <br/>
    <input type="submit" name="submit">
  </form>

NumberServlet

  public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
       throws ServletException, IOException {

     String s1 = request.getParameter("num1");
     String s2 = request.getParameter("num2");
     
     request.setAttribute("result", s1+s2);
     request.getRequestDispatcher("./jsps/result.jsp").forward(request, response);
   }

- - -

结果显示的jsp

<body>
  result:  <%=request.getAttribute("result") %>
</body>

jsp原理

第一次访问jsp的时候回讲jsp编译成java --》 class
jsp其实是一个Servlet 。tomcat work下面
jsp代码和编译后的java代码

  <body>
    This is my JSP page. <br>
    <a href="./demo">hello</a>
    <%
      int a = 100;
      out.print(a);
      a++;
    %>
    <%
      out.print(a);
    a++;
    %>
    <%!
      int a = 90;
    %>
    <%
      out.print(this.a++);
    %>
  </body>

- - -

    public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
      implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {


        int a = 90;
      
    private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
            javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();

    private static java.util.List<java.lang.String> _jspx_dependants;

    private javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
    private org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;

    public java.util.List<java.lang.String> getDependants() {
      return _jspx_dependants;
    }

    public void _jspInit() {
      _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
      _jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
    }

    public void _jspDestroy() {
    }

    public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
          throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {

      final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
      javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
      final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
      final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
      javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
      final java.lang.Object page = this;
      javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
      javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;


      try {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
              null, true, 8192, true);
        _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
        application = pageContext.getServletContext();
        config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
        session = pageContext.getSession();
        out = pageContext.getOut();
        _jspx_out = out;

        out.write('\r');
        out.write('\n');

  String path = request.getContextPath();
  String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

        out.write("\r\n");
        out.write("\r\n");
        out.write("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">\r\n");
        out.write("<html>\r\n");
        out.write("  <head>\r\n");
        out.write("    ");
        out.write("\r\n");
        out.write("    \r\n");
        out.write("    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>\r\n");
        out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\r\n");
        out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"cache-control\" content=\"no-cache\">\r\n");
        out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"0\">    \r\n");
        out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"keywords\" content=\"keyword1,keyword2,keyword3\">\r\n");
        out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"description\" content=\"This is my page\">\r\n");
        out.write("\t<!--\r\n");
        out.write("\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"styles.css\">\r\n");
        out.write("\t-->\r\n");
        out.write("  </head>\r\n");
        out.write("  \r\n");
        out.write("  <body>\r\n");
        out.write("    This is my JSP page. <br>\r\n");
        out.write("    <a href=\"./demo\">hello</a>\r\n");
        out.write("    ");

        int a = 100;
        out.print(a);
        a++;
      
        out.write("\r\n");
        out.write("    ");

        out.print(a);
      a++;
      
        out.write("\r\n");
        out.write("    ");
        out.write("\r\n");
        out.write("    ");

        out.print(this.a++);
      
        out.write("\r\n");
        out.write("  </body>\r\n");
        out.write("</html>\r\n");
      } catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
        if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
          out = _jspx_out;
          if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
            try { out.clearBuffer(); } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
          if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
        }
      } finally {
        _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
      }
    }
  }

JSP三大指令

<% @ 指令名 attr1="" attr2="" %>

page
- pageEncoding 指定当前jsp页面的编码（只要pageEncoding的编码和文件的编码一致就不会由乱码,jsp-->class的时候会去读取这个属性）
- contentType 添加一个响应头
- 这两个只要一个就可以了
  <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
```
- import
  <%@ page import="class1,class2,class3"%>
- errorPage isErrorPage
include 静态包含
<%@ include file="*.jsp"%>
jsp编译成java文件时完成，他们共同生成一个java文件
taglib 导入标签库
- prefix 前缀
- uri 标签库的位置
- <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

JSP动作标签

<jsp:forward>
<jsp:include>
<jsp:param>

Cookie

由服务器创建保存到客户端浏览器的一个键值对，服务器保存cookie的相应头：Set-Cookie: key=value Set-Cookie: key1=value1 当浏览器请求服务器时，会把该服务器保存的Cookie随请求发送给服务器： Cookie： key=value; key1=value1

一个Cookie最大4KB
一个服务器最多向一个浏览器保存20个Cookie
一个浏览器最多保存300个Cookie
Cookie的maxAge cookie.setMaxAge(int)
- maxAge > 0 浏览器会保存到硬盘上单位 S
- maxAge < 0 只会保存到内存中默认
- maxAge = 0 需要删除该Cookie
Cookie的path

谷歌浏览器的cookie

javaWeb Cookie

response.addCookie();
request.getCookies();

JSP中使用Cookie

//保存cookie
Cookie nameCookie = new Cookie("name","dapi");
Cookie numberCookie = new Cookie("number","12101010320");
response.addCookie(nameCookie);
response.addCookie(numberCookie);
    
 //获取cookie
 Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
 if(cookies != null){
    for(int i=0;i < cookies.length;i++){
    out.print(cookies[i].getName()+"  "+cookies[i].getValue()+"<br/>");
    }
 }

HttpSession

由javaWeb提供用来会话(一个用户对服务器的连续请求，多次请求没有关闭浏览器)跟踪的类
session是服务器端对象保存在服务器端
HttpSession是Servlet三大域之一(request,session,application)
底层依赖Cookie或者URL重写

//servlet
request.getSession();
//jsp 可以直接使用 session
session.setAttribute("name", "xx");
session.getAttribute("name");
session.removeAttribute("name");

request.getSession() 首先是会获取Cookie中的sessionId，如果id不存在，创建session保存sessionid，如果存在则通过id找session，如果没找到则创建session并将id保存到cookie中。
sessionId保存的时候maxAge为-1
web.xml中可以配置session最大不活动时间
<session-config>
<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>